Partial agreement is a term used within the Council of Europe to a major activity of European cooperation that is organized by the Council of Europe but does not include all of its member states. This form of activity dates from a resolution adopted by the Council of Europe’s Committee of Ministers on 2 August 1951. [ citation needed ] The resolution for the adoption of agreements of a limited number of member states, without the participation of the remainder. Any expenditure would be made by the participating states alone. This form of variable geometry in inter-governmental cooperation has not been imitated by other international organizations. This form of cooperation also permits some activities to include non-European states as full-fledged participants.
In 1993 the ground-rules were revised by the Committee of Ministers to take over new developments. Statutory Resolution (93) 28 of the Committee of Ministers replaced the 1951 resolution. [ citation needed ] It defines three types of agreement:
– Partial agreement: some member States of the Council of Europe;
– An enlarged partial agreement: some member States with one or more non-member states;
– An enlarged agreement: all member States with one or more non-member states.
The Council of Europe lists Currently icts agreements [ clarification needed ] as The Following:
– The Council of Europe Development Bank (1956)
– Partial Agreement in the Social and Public Health Field (1959)
– The European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines (1964)
– The Pompidou Group – Cooperation Group to Combat Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking in Drugs (1980)
– EUR-OPA – The European and Mediterranean Major Hazards Agreement (1987)
– The North-South Center (1989)
– Eurimages – The European Support Fund for the co-production and distribution of films (1988)
– The Venice Commission ) – The European Commission for Democracy through Law (1990)
– The Youth Card (1991)
– The European Audiovisual Observatory (1992)
– The Center for Modern Languages in Graz
– GRECO – The Group of States Against Corruption (1998)
– The Enlarged Partial Agreement on Sport (2007)
Partial agreements are traditionally set up with a resolution of the Committee of Ministers. The European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines, which is usually listed as a Partial Agreement, is the result of a treaty, and is thus technically a treaty body, such as the European Social Charter .
There is one agreement, the European Card for Substantially Handicapped Persons, dating from 1977, which was still-born, having never been introduced.
Each agreement has its own form of supervision and management. A number of the agreements are supervised by the Committee of Ministers, others have their own executive boards.
In 2007, the activities of the public health authorities were transferred to the European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines, despite the fact that the member states were not the same. [ quote needed ]
The latest agreement, on sport, heralds has new development, deals with an activity that has been mainstreamed. [ quote needed ]
The Venice Commission is unique in having a partial agreement and, having been in the process of becoming a member of the party, it has been called ‚Partial‘.
The Council of Europe, Treaty of the United States of America and the United States of America. [1]
Further reading
Polakiewicz, J .: Treaty making in the Council of Europe (1999)
References
- Jump up^ Council of Europe treaty office web site